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Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF)

High-Efficiency Oil and Solids Removal from Produced Water

The Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) system is a key technology for removing suspended solids, oil, and other contaminants from produced water. In this process, water is first saturated with pressurized air and then released into an atmospheric flotation tank containing the produced water. As the pressure equalizes, fine air bubbles form and attach to suspended particles and oil droplets, causing them to rise to the surface where they are skimmed off efficiently.

Process Description

A portion of the treated produced water is recycled and pressurized in an air drum, where compressed air is introduced to achieve full air saturation. This air-saturated stream is then injected into the flotation tank. Upon release, micro air bubbles are formed, attaching to oil and solid particles, making them buoyant.

The mixture flows upward as bubbles carry the contaminants to the surface, forming a froth layer that is skimmed off by a skimmer or weir plate. This process effectively separates suspended particles and clean water.

For enhanced performance, coagulants or flocculants may be added to improve particle aggregation. In some cases, natural gas can be used instead of air depending on site conditions or safety requirements.

Efficient Design Features

  • Rapid start-up and ability to handle intermittent operation
  • Available in both customized and standard configurations
  • Fully integrated skid-mounted design for easy installation
  • ASME-coded pressure vessels for safety and reliability
  • Up to 90% removal efficiency of suspended solids and oil
  • Minimal chemical usage and lower operational cost
  • Optional screw conveyor system for handling heavy solids removal

Why Partner with SPEC Technology

SPEC Technology provides turnkey DAF systems engineered for reliability, efficiency, and compliance with environmental discharge standards. Our units are optimized for both onshore and offshore applications, delivering high treatment performance with low maintenance requirements—helping clients achieve sustainable produced water management in complex oil and gas environments.